map(), and split(), as these are non-IO considerations in Python3.User Tools
python3:output
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Table of Contents
Output in Python3
There is no magic bullet that leads to the fastest input and output in a programming contest. Having said this, there are typically multiple ways of performing and processing input and output in Python3. By understanding the options that are available and how to optimize them (e.g., conducting tests) you can see a real world performance increase, in particular when faced with high volumes of reads and writes.
Output Basics
Output is handled with the print() function.
>>> print() # '\n'
>>> print("Hello World!") # "Hello World!\n"
>>> print("Hello", "World!") # "Hello World!\n"
>>> print(1, 2, 3, sep='') # "123\n"
>>> print(1, 2, 3, end='-') >>> print("a b c") # "1 2 3-a b c\n"
Advanced Output
Benchmarks
The following benchmarks demonstrate the increased likelihood of failure of print() as output sizes increase. All files used for testing can be found here.
10 characters per line (n= number of lines):
| n | print() | sys.stdout.write() |
| 104 | .006 | .002 |
| 105 | .059 | .022 |
| 106 | .378 | .202 |
| 107 | 7.341 | 6.325 |
1000 characters per line (n= number of lines):
| n | print() | sys.stdout.write() |
| 104 | .016 | .011 |
| 105 | 3.886 | 3.652 |
| 106 |
The above tests were designed to showcase minimal reading functionality other than temporary storage.1)
1)
We deliberately avoided additional processing such as typecasts,
python3/output.1534366031.txt.gz · Last modified: 2018/08/15 15:47 by kericson
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